Math & Colour Science for Colourists (MCSC)
OUTLINE
The material will be presented in 12 sessions, roughly as follows:
FUNDAMENTALS
- questions & axioms: Dirk [most important piece of equipment], Charles [Axiom Zero, “reproduction”], Troy [stimulus, sensation, cognition; image formation]
- fundamentals & terminology; radiometry & photometry; units of light;
- RGB/CMY mixtures (why the usual colour mixing diagrams are wrong); idealized additive RGB; mosaic & Bayer [RGB cube; visualization]
- photon path; sensels, pixels, subpixels; perceptual uniformity;
- the “‑nesses”; CIE metric lightness \(L^*\); bit depths
CLASSIC COLORIMETRY
- from spectral distribution to tristimulus values;
- LMS, CIE XYZ, [x, y] chromaticity (why the classic CIE [x, y] plot is misleading)
- RGB; white point, CCT; affine transforms (eg between primary systems);
- colourspaces; luma; colour difference systems; LAB;
MATH (I)
- notation; functions; linearity & nonlinearity; \(y = A·x + B\)
- vectors; 3×3 matrices; introduction to linear algebra (“channel mixer”)
- computing fundamentals & tools (W|A, python);
- algebraic & numerical approaches; estimation/optimization
DISPLAY TECH
- various display technologies including LCD, OLED, QD‑OLED, Xe and laser projectors;
- display signal processing; EOTF
- CONTRAST & BRIGHTNESS (and a 75‑year‑old terminology problem)
IMAGE SIGNAL CODING
- digitization; sampling & quantization;
- full/legal range;
- SDI, HDMI;
- luma & colour differences; chroma subsampling; 4:2:2; \(Y’C_{\mathrm B}C_{\mathrm R}\), \(I’C_{\mathrm T}C_{\mathrm P}\)
- LUTs: 1D, 3D; technical & creative LUTs; interpolation (eg, trilinear, tetrahedral)
MASTERING, METADATA, DISTRIBUTION
- fundamentals of HDR & WCG; colourspace summary
- colour calibration;
- metadata (incl. colr, nclc/nclx, gama, and “Rec. 709‑A”); delivery
MATH (II)
- perceptual uniformity refresher;
- log, exponential, and power (gamma) functions;
- bit depth; stops & density units; LV & EV; optical density; Beer’s law;
- gamma & log coding; OpenEXR; floating point; Barten’s “curve”; PQ; HDR10; HLG;
PHOTOCHEMISTRY & DENSITOMETRY
- photochemical film: H & D, D-log E;
- classic colour timing;
- OCN//IP//IN//RP; printer lights (“points”);
- Cineon/CPD/DPX;
SENSOR & CAMERA TECH
- OETF; camera spectral constraints, Luther/Ives condition; introduction to metamerism
- gamut, gamut mismatch, gamut mapping;
- IDTs/CFMs; why “colour correction”/CCM is the wrong terminology for cameras
COLOUR APPEARANCE
- appearance attributes;
- Axiom Zero; classic HD pipeline;
- chromatic adaptation (eg, Bradford); hue uniformity;
- colour appearance models including CAM16, T-CAM, \(J_{\mathrm z}a_{\mathrm z}b_{\mathrm z}\), OpenDRT;
- display mapping, \(I’C_{\mathrm T}C_{\mathrm P}\)
COLOUR PIPELINES & ACES
- HD; scene referred and display referred pipelines;
- modern cinema pipeline;
- ACES 1.x & 2.0 (OETF//OETF⁻¹//LMT//DRT//EOTF⁻¹//DM//EOTF)
COLOUR GRADING
- modern grading: “video” and “film” grading;
- grading controls (lift-gamma-gain-offset; exposure, saturation, “temperature”);
- node graphs; LUTs; formula transforms; ctl, OpenColorIO
For registration details, see the main masterclass page.